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The Kaidu River (; ; ), also known under its ancient name Chaidu-gol, is a river in the Xinjiang Uyghur Autonomous Region of China and an important source of water for the region. The Kaidu River is responsible for many substantial effects on the environment. Affecting the land and its people in many different ways.Chen, Z., Chen, Y., & Li, B. (2012). Quantifying the effects of climate variability and human activities on runoff for Kaidu River Basin in arid region of northwest China. Theoretical and Applied Climatology, 111(3-4), 537-545. doi:10.1007/s00704-012-0680-4
The sources of the Kaidu River are located on the central southern slopes of the Tian Shan from where it flows through the Yulduz Basin "Xinjiang River Guide" and the Yanqi Basin into Lake Bosten for which it is the most important tributary. Seespiegelschwankungen des Bosten-Sees The river leaves the lake under the name Kongque River (), which literally means "Peacock River", but is derived from the Uyghur language name "كۆنچى دەرياسى / Konchi Darya" which means "Tanner's River".Nara Shiruku Rōdo-haku Kinen Kokusai Kōryū Zaidan, Shiruku Rōdo-gaku Kenkyū Sentā: Opening up the Silk Road: the Han and the Eurasian world, Nara International Foundation Commemorating the Silk Road Exposition, 2007 The Kongque River flows through the Iron Gate Pass () into the Tarim Basin.
Northwest China has been subjected to affects from the Kaidu River because of global warming and water perturbation. Studies have shown a correlation between the temperature and the precipitation being the leading cause to these issues. Additionally, the Kaidu River resides in an arid zone, causing many different trends in temperature due to this climate change.Mupenzi, J. D., & Li, L. (2011). Impacts of global warming perturbation on water resources in arid zone: Case study of Kaidu River Basin in Northwest China. Journal of Mountain Science, 8(5), 704-710. doi:10.1007/s11629-011-2180-x
Land use-conversion is also a very problematic issue that is caused in the region of Northwest China due to climate change as well. Many of the people within this area have had to deal with deceases in natural grassland area. Cultivated land increased due to this issue as well. Land reclamations were what led to this, as well as an increase in the growth of socioeconomic development. This led to an increase in water management activities, which became an issue because of the consistent change of runoff.Wang, Y., Chen, Y., Ding, J., & Fang, G. (2015). Land-use conversion and its attribution in the Kaidu–Kongqi River Basin, China. Quaternary International, 380-381, 216-223. doi:10.1016/j.quaint.2014.10.010
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